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House plants can recover from overwatering pretty quickly if given:
- bright light, preferably from a grow light so it won’t burn
- High humidity
- warm temperatures
I also like to take the plant out of potting mix and put it in water or leca so i can keep an eye on new root growth.
Treat a plant with root rot like you would a cutting you want to root. You can use the same principles to reroot your plant and start again.
Just be sure to stop overwatering in future!
What is overwatering?
Overwatering is one of the most common ways house plants meet their demise.
It’s exactly what its name would suggest: the plant is receiving too much water.
I believe the reason it’s so common for house plants to be over-watered is that it’s the first thing plant novices do when they notice their plant is looking a bit…sad.
Plant looking sad? Water it!
Plant looking dry and crispy? Water it!
Plant going yellow? Water it!
You see? We know that plants need water to survive (I mean, who doesn’t, amirite?), so we show them our love and concern by watering them. And water them again the next day. And the next. And then cry when a couple of weeks down the lawn, ol’ plant is dead.
Tale as old as time.
How to tell if your plant is overwatered
If you’re watering your plant every day, that’s almost certainly too much.
Even the most moisture-loving plants are unlikely to want water more frequently than every three days, and that’s rare.
- If all your plant’s leaves are turning yellow and dropping off, that’s probs a sign of overwatering.
- Your plant’s soil can be moist, but not wet and muddy. Decrease the water if it’s sitting in a quagmire.
- If your plant is droopy, it could be a sign of root rot, probably caused by overwatering.
- If you have a LOT of fungus gnats or problems with moisture-loving pests, then you may be overwatering.
- If you’ve been watering your plant plenty, and it dies anyway, I’m afraid you probably killed it with kindness.
- If your plant is growing leaves, but drops one every time a new leaf emerges, you may be overwatering
What to do when your plant is overwatered
1 – STOP WATERING IT.
For Pete’s sake, leave the poor little sod alone.
I know it’s hard, and you want to help your plant child, but helicopter parenting won’t help you here.
Give your buddy some space.
If you’re not sure it’s overwatered, get yourself a moisture probe. I recommend one on my resources page that’s less than a tenner. It’ll pay for itself after it saves a couple of plants! If the probe reads ‘wet’ or ‘moist’, leave it until it reads about 3. Then you may water it again.
2 – Assess the damage.
If you’ve got a few leaves that are completely yellow, snip ’em off. Check the roots. If they’re brown or mushy or give off a grim smell, you may be too late (don’t give up quite yet though).
Some plants are massive drama queens that pretend to be dead when they’re actually just a bit under the weather. Give them the benefit of the doubt before unceremoniously tossing them in the bin.
3 – Re-pot if necessary
This is a bit of a what-doesn’t-kill-you-makes-you-stronger type situation. Repotting can be stressful for plants (especially ones that have been victims of an overzealous watering can), but you may not have a choice.
If the soil is wet or muddy or unlikely to dry out in the next few days, then change it. Mix up some potting soil, add some perlite (I do anything from half to a third perlite, the rest potting mix OR make my own), repot as gently as you can.
I have a whole repotting post here.
4 – Snip off any dead or gross roots
Root rot is caused by bacteria that proliferate in an oxygen-less environment. If the rot isn’t removed, the rot will spread.
Don’t worry about cutting off too many roots. You can convince plants with zero roots to regrow them! Contrary to popular belief, plants do actually want to grow.
5 – Wait
Now all you can do is wait and hope that your plant will recover. Recovery time differs depending on the variants we’ll discuss in the next section.
Be sure not to dramatically increase the amount of light you’re giving your plant. Whilst it’ll appreciate the warmth, too much light will get in leaf growing mode, and we’re after roots.
Conditions recovery time is dependent on:
Light
Light is a massive part of helping a plant recover from overwatering.
Ideally, you need to get your plant under a grow light.
You see, plants get their energy from the sun, and they need a lot of energy to recover and grow roots.
It would make sense that a sunny window will help them, no?
Except that sunlight causes stress. It’s too hot, too bright, and it burns. Or, it’s not bright or hot enough.
Grow lights are designed to grow plants. They can produce a lot of energy for the plant to absorb, and a bit of warmth without harming it (unless it’s like, an inch away).
If you have a windowsill that plants grow on well use that.
I don’t – I have windowsills that some plants love, but others hate for reasons I can’t work out – certainly nothing to do with the light requirements of the plant. There isn’t enough light in my east-facing window, and my west-facing one is too bright for struggling plants.
EVERYONE loves to be under the grow light. Calathea that like lower light, hoya that like brighter light…EVERYONE.
I use the MarsHydro 1000w and the Bestva 100w. The Mars Hydro is better, the Bestva is cheaper. I highly recommend both. If you can afford the Mars Hydro, great. If you can’t, the Bestva is still a massive step up from those purple house plant grow lights that Amazon keeps trying to flog us.
Temperature
Plants find it easier to recover in the growing season (typically mid-spring to early summer) since they have more energy with which to recover.
Furthermore, very cold weather can put your plant under a lot of stress, so the effects of overwatering during winter are more likely to be fatal than in winter.
On a slightly more obvious note, it’s warmer in summer, so if you overwater the water is going to evaporate more quickly.
Be sure to check out this post on how to care for your plants in winter. Don’t just stick to the same watering schedule year-round – be sure to reduce your watering in winter and use a moisture probe.
Humidity
I always used to say that humidity of around 65% was optimal. Since getting a terrarium that’s at about 90%, I say the higher the better.
What I would say, is that if you’re going to put your plant in a super humid environment to help it recover from overwatering, I would take it out of the soil, wash any remaining roots (preferably in hydrogen peroxide) and put it in water or leca.
How the roots are doing
If the roots are toast (albeit the soggy variety), you will have a greater challenge on your hands. I’m not saying it’s impossible, just that it’ll take a while.
Last July my friend gifted me an Aloe Vera, an African Violet and an orchid. All three were in heavy, badly draining soil and were very overwatered.
I don’t think the aloe will ever recover properly. It’s not dead, but it’ll never look healthy. Its new growth is looking ok, but it’s obvious that it’s had it’s hardships.
The orchid sprung back relatively quickly (I’d say a couple of months). The foliage is looking perkier and my fingers are crossed for a flower spike.
The African Violet has had its ups and downs. I accidentally let it get sunburned and had it in too big a pot. It’s now in a south-facing windowsill (protected by frosted glass and the house next door) and has been putting out quite a lot of new growth, despite it being winter. I have high hopes!
Don’t be discouraged if your plant doesn’t seem to be improving. It can take months. Just be happy that your plant isn’t dying. It’s just taking a moment to get over its ordeal.
Time of year
This may have an effect on how quickly your plant recovers, but my plants seem to push out as much growth in winter than summer, so this really depends on your individual home. Although winter growth is smaller and more pathetic.
Just don’t be surprised if your plant stops growing when the temperature drops. But also don’t automatically assume that it will.
Grow lights can massively help in winter if you’re having issues with root rot.
What it’s potted in (pot/mix)
If your plant isn’t in well-draining soil, it may take longer to recover. Just add a bit of perlite, or failing that some sharp sand or orchid bark. Anything to let the water drain through more effectively.
If your plant is potted in just potting mix or worse, compost, re-pot it in order to give it it’s best chance of recovery.
It can be a good idea to start making your own potting mix (there’s a recipe in this post). This recipe is pretty chunky, especially in comparison to house plant potting mix, so it encourages roots to grow stronger than they would in a finer mix. A chunkier mix also also allows more air to flow to your plant’s roots, which can help stave off rot.
Overwatering isn’t the actual cause of root rot- it just contributes to the cause.
Root rot is caused by lack of oxygen.
How badly your plant was affected
If your plant has been systematically overwatered for years and has quickly gone downhill, recovery may take a while. If it has barely any root system left and very few leaves, you may be waiting a while.
My spider plant survived this and is now thriving. It’s not necessarily the end!
How quickly your plant grows
Some plants grow quickly, others don’t. Plants that grow quickly are likely to recover from overwatering quicker than slow-growing ones. Obvious really, but I have absolutely no doubt there are exceptions to this rule.
Actually, cacti are pretty slow-growing and they recover from overwatering like absolute champs in my experience (and I’ve overwatered a few).
So there we go, a full essay on overwatering.
If you take one thing away from this, let it be that you don’t need to water your plants as often as you think you do, apart from cacti, which like to be watered every couple of weeks or so in summer.
I’m concern about white spots on my plants. Should I just get rid of the old soil. Repot my plant? Look like some kind of powdery fungus.
My first thought is mealybugs – keep an eye out for whitish bugs in the crevices of your plants. If it is mealybugs then treat the plant with neem oil – you don’t need to replace the soil but it will get rid of any eggs that are in there.
Repotting is stressful for your plant, so it’s a last resort if your plant is already stressed. Diatomaceous earth, or flushing the soil with diluted hydrogen peroxide will also kill any eggs in the soil.
It could be a fungus, in which case treat with a plant-specific fungicide.
It could also be powerdy mildew (treat with neem oil – check out Betsy begonia on YouTube – she has a great video on this)) or watermarks/salt deposits on the leaves which can be removed with diluted lemon juice.
I just treated a mild case of root rot on a Yucca. How long should I wait before I water it again, now that she is in dry soil?
Look for wrinkled leaves or signs of thirst. Yucca are pretty drought tolerant, so I wouldn’t worry about leaving it a few weeks.
If you’re worried, leave it outside (in the shade) or by an open window for a few hours after watering so it can dry out really quickly. You could also add a couple of drops of hydrogen peroxide to the water to combat any remaining rot.
Just found your blog and your post on water propagation restored my hope and also made me lol. Regarding perlite is there a general ratio for houseplants that you add to store bought potting mix? Admittedly I have a tendency to love-water plants even though I know it’s wrong…
Usually around 2 parts potting mix 1 part perlite, but you could go as high as 50:50.
Terracotta pots are your friend if you’re an overwaterer!
I ordered a red honeysuckle from a nursery, by mail. From shipping date to receipt was only two days. By the time I received it, it was showing signs of overwatering. The plant was in a 2 1/2 ” pot and very tiny and fragile. All of the leaves were yellow and green blotchy, soft and wilted. Some had fallen off in the package. The soil felt as if the nursery had submerged in water to saturate. I didn’t want to handle too much due to it’s size. I planted in the ground, were I want it to be permanently, in Miracle Grow moisture control potting soil. I didn’t water. I also built a small lean-to over it to protect from the sun. If it survives, how will I know, considering top growth is to be discouraged?
I wouldn’t be too concerned about discouraging top growth whilst you’re rehabbing your plant – you can always prune it back once the plant’s established. You may be sacrificing a few potential blooms, but it’s better than losing the whole plant.
I need a little reassurance. I bought a beautiful, mid-size Fiddle Leaf Fig tree this summer. The lady at the nursery told me to basically soak it once a week and let it drain. She recommended a plastic pot that looked like terracotta. After about two months, I began to notice small brown spots on some leaves and some brown tips on others. I did research and found that I should only be giving him 1 cup of water per foot!! The root ball was very solid so I was unable to break it down. I scrapped away all the wet soil I could, placed him in a real terracotta pot and added a mix of cactus and indoor potting soil. Its been about a week and the moisture meter still reads WET. He’s in an east facing window. I’m so worried I’ve killed him with kindness. Will he eventually dry out?
Yes, he will. The terracotta will really help. It can sometimes take a while for plants to dry out (especially if they have a solid root ball), so don’t worry. As for the brown spots…FLFs can be SUPER picky and develop brown spots for no apparent reason. It’s all part of their charm!
Thanks so much!!